{"id":908,"date":"2015-01-16T17:53:09","date_gmt":"2015-01-16T17:53:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hort.net\/techblog\/?p=164"},"modified":"2015-01-16T17:53:09","modified_gmt":"2015-01-16T17:53:09","slug":"fun-reading-plant-patents","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hort.net\/blog\/2015\/01\/16\/fun-reading-plant-patents\/","title":{"rendered":"Fun parsing plant patents"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>As we <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hort.net\/blog\/2014\/12\/05\/announcing-patent-tracker\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mentioned in our non-tech blog<\/a>, hort.net has been processing plant patents to try to find and understand commonalities and trends in the industry.  Besides that, it&#8217;s fun.<\/p>\n<p>Well, sort of fun.  It would be a lot more fun if the patent data was consistent.<\/p>\n<p>The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) releases patent data in a machine-parseable format called XML.  The layout of the XML is specified by a Document Type Definition (DTD), but these change regularly.  Normally these changes are minor, but sometimes they&#8217;re subtle and more major.<\/p>\n<p>For example, consider this bit of XML:<\/p>\n<div class=\"horttech-code\"><pre class=\"preserve-code-formatting\">\n&lt;parties&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;applicants&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;applicant sequence=&quot;001&quot; app-type=&quot;applicant-inventor&quot; designation=&quot;us-only&quot;&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;addressbook&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;last-name&gt;Hofmann&lt;\/last-name&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;first-name&gt;Birgit Christa&lt;\/first-name&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;\/addressbook&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;\/applicant&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;\/applicants&gt;\n&lt;\/parties&gt;\n<\/pre><\/div>\n<p>It later became this:<\/p>\n<div class=\"horttech-code\"><pre class=\"preserve-code-formatting\">\n&lt;us-parties&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;us-applicants&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;us-applicant sequence=&quot;001&quot; app-type=&quot;applicant-inventor&quot; designation=&quot;us-only&quot;&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;addressbook&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;last-name&gt;Hofmann&lt;\/last-name&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;first-name&gt;Birgit Christa&lt;\/first-name&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;\/addressbook&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;\/us-applicant&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;\/us-applicants&gt;\n&lt;\/us-parties&gt;\n<\/pre><\/div>\n<p>Can you spot the difference?  At one point &#8216;us-&#8216; was prepended to the parties, applicants, and applicant XML tags, so any code that was loading things into the database was suddenly coming up empty.<\/p>\n<p>It&#8217;s not a big deal, and things change over time, but it would be nice if the USPTO just converted all of their old documents to the new DTD.  <\/p>\n<p>Other issues are less technical and more policy-driven.  Consider the case of patent examiner Susan B. McCormick-Ewoldt.  Of the patents we&#8217;ve processed so far, she examined nineteen different plant patents that were granted, and on all nineteen her name appears differently.  At least, we assume it&#8217;s the same person.  Here are the variations:<\/p>\n<div class=\"horttech-code\"><pre class=\"preserve-code-formatting\">\nmysql&gt; SELECT entity_name, patent_id, sci_name FROM application_examiner LEFT JOIN entity ON application_examiner.entity_id = entity.entity_id LEFT JOIN patent ON application_examiner.application_id = patent.application_id WHERE entity_name LIKE &quot;mccor%&quot;;\n+----------------------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------------+\n| entity_name&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;| patent_id | sci_name&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|\n+----------------------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------------+\n| McCormick, Susan B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;| 15460&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | Impatiens hawkeri &#039;Fisnics Sweet Red&#039;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |\n| McCormick-Ewoldt, S. B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;| 15488&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | Prunus persica var. nucipersica &#039;GBN-One&#039;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |\n| McCormick-Ewoldt, Susan B. | 16270&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | Malus pumila &#039;Fugachee Fuji&#039;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|\n| McCormick-Ewoldt, S B&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;| 15496&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | Prunus persica &#039;Calara&#039;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |\n| McCormick-Ewoldt, S B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | 15794&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | Rosa hybrida &#039;POULac007&#039;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|\n| McCormick, S. B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | 17451&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | Chrysanthemum x morifolium &#039;Elegant Yomarjorie&#039; |\n| McCormick Ewoldt, S. B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;| 19011&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | Baptisia x variicolor &#039;Twilite&#039;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |\n| McCormick, S. B&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;| 19098&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | Phlox hybrida &#039;USPHL03M&#039;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|\n| McCormick\/Ewoldt, S. B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;| 18988&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | Lobelia erinus &#039;Balwalila&#039;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|\n| McCormick Ewoldt, S. B&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | 19664&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | Styrax japonicus &#039;Fragrant Fountain&#039;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|\n| McCormick Ewoldt, S B&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;| 19933&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | Scoparia hybrid &#039;USSCO401-3&#039;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|\n| McCormick-Ewoldt, S. B&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | 20130&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | Begonia x hiemalis &#039;Binos Pinky White&#039;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|\n| McCormick Ewoldt, Susan B&nbsp;&nbsp;| 20634&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | Cordyline australis &#039;Sunrise&#039;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |\n| McCormick Ewoldt, Susan B. | 20113&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | Petunia hybrid &#039;KLEPH07140&#039;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |\n| McCormick-Ewoldt, Susan B&nbsp;&nbsp;| 20626&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | Penstemon hartwegii benth &#039;Peni Vio09&#039;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|\n| McCormack Ewoldt, Susan B&nbsp;&nbsp;| 20901&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | Pelargonium x hortorum &#039;Pacneon&#039;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|\n| McCormick Ewoldt, Sysan B&nbsp;&nbsp;| 20809&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | Geranium x cantabrigiense &#039;ABPP&#039;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|\n| McCormick Edwoldt, Susan&nbsp;&nbsp; | 22972&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | Rosa hybrida&nbsp;&nbsp;&#039;AUStobias&#039;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |\n| McCormick Ewoldt, Susan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;| 25207&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; | Mandevilla hybrida &#039;Sunparaoros&#039;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|\n+----------------------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------------+\n19 rows in set (0.00 sec)\n<\/pre><\/div>\n<p>We have initials, &#8216;Sysan&#8217; (presumably a typo), &#8216;Susan&#8217;, &#8216;Susan&#8217; with initials, &#8216;McCormack&#8217; (presumably a typo), a hyphenated last name, a last name with a slash, and a last name with two words.  It becomes very difficult to automate processing of patents if there&#8217;s no consistency in values, and that&#8217;s something USPTO will have to deal with procedurally.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As we mentioned in our non-tech blog, hort.net has been processing plant patents to try to find and understand commonalities and trends in the industry. Besides that, it&#8217;s fun. Well, sort of fun. It would be a lot more fun if the patent data was consistent. The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) releases [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[55,56,1],"tags":[70,12,77],"class_list":["post-908","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-databases","category-patents","category-uncategorized","tag-patent","tag-plant","tag-uspto"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Fun parsing plant patents - hort.net blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hort.net\/blog\/2015\/01\/16\/fun-reading-plant-patents\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Fun parsing plant patents - hort.net blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"As we mentioned in our non-tech blog, hort.net has been processing plant patents to try to find and understand commonalities and trends in the industry. 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