Re: Adelonema

---

Dear Christopher, Tom, and folks.

African Culcasieae [Cercestis + Culcasia] is sister to [[[Philodendron][Adelonema]][Homalomena + Furtadoa]]]

Lars and I have some (very amicable) disagreement regarding the date. He favours a date >40 Mya (based on molecular clock dating); my “botanical intuition” based on available ecologies, belief that their obligate ecology has always been lowland wet-perhumid tropical, continuance of contemporary landmasses, suitable ecologies, is earlier. Much earlier.

Remember that the divergence point if NOT for the modern “genera” it is for their last shared ancestor.

Peter

From: Tom Croat [mailto:Thomas.Croat@mobot.org]

Sent: Tuesday, 22 November, 2011 9:18 AM

To: Discussion of aroids

Cc: phymatarum@gmail.com

Subject: RE: [Aroid-l] Adelonema

Dear Christopher:

I don’t think that there is any close relative in Africa and it seems rather unlikely that they got separated by a constipated bird so I can’t really explain the similarities or the differences.  Perhaps Pete has an idea.

Tom

________________________________________

From: aroid-l-bounces@www.gizmoworks.com [mailto:aroid-l-bounces@www.gizmoworks.com] On Behalf Of Christopher Rogers

Sent: Monday, November 21, 2011 11:58 AM

To: Discussion of aroids

Subject: Re: [Aroid-l] Adelonema

Thank you, Peter and Tom!

So, thinking biogeographically, am I understanding you correctly that Adelonema and Homalomena are sister taxa, having split roughly 75mya? Even 75 mya, these regions were never near each other. Do you think that these genera used to be distributed from South America, across Africa to Southeast Asia? Are there any sister clades in Africa for these genera or for other genus groups with a similar South American/Asian distribution? 

Happy days,

Christopher

On Mon, Nov 21, 2011 at 2:27 AM, Peter Boyce <phymatarum@googlemail.com> wrote:

Hi Marek, and other aroid-l folks,

Tom as nicely summed up the situation; allow me to put some more meat on the bones.

We have two independent sets of molecular data that show convincingly that the Neotropical species currently assigned to Homalomena do not belong there NOR do they belong in Philodendron – as had been suggested by a previous study [Molecular phylogeny of the genus Philodendron (Araceae): delimitation and infrageneric classification - [Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 156: 13–27] - Gauthier, Barabé & Bruneau 2008].

The ‘coarse’ detail is a molecular clock study by Nauheimer et al, which gives dates the diversification of the Neotropical and Paleotropical clades at a minimum of ca 75 MYA.

The ’fine detail’ comes from a molecular study we’ve done in Malaysia as part of our work on the “true” Homalomena species. This paper is in prep. now, a spin-off from the phylogeny work done by two of our Master’s projects (Ng Kiaw Kiaw – who works on chemical profiling - and Hoe Yin Chen, who’s working on pollination and floral fragrance analyses).

While Curmeria is ‘better known’, the earliest name is Schott’s Adelonema.

The published accepted names (<dates>) involved for the Neotropics are:

Adelonema

Schott

Prodr. Syst. Aroid.: 316

1860

[T] Adelonema

erythropus

(Mart. ex Schott) Schott

Prodr. Syst. Aroid.: 317

1860

Caladium

erythropus

Mart. ex Engl.

Fl. Bras. 3(2): 172

1878

Curmeria

Linden & André

Ill. Hort. 20: 45, t.121

1873

Curmeria

picta

auct.

Gard. Chron., n.s., 1874: 92

1874

[T] Curmeria

picturata

Linden & André

Ill. Hort. 20: 45, t.121

1873

Curmeria

roezelii

Mast.

Gard. Chron., n.s., 1874(2): 804

1874

Curmeria

wallisii

(Regel) Mast.

Gard. Chron., n.s., 1877(1): 108

1877

Homalomena

crinipes

Engl.

Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 124

1905

Homalomena

erythropus

(Mart. ex Schott) Engl.

Pflanzenr., 55(IV.23Da): 130

1912

Homalomena

erythropus subsp. allenii

Croat

Aroideana 27: 131

2004

Homalomena

hammelii

Croat & Grayum

Phytologia 82(1): 37

1997

Homalomena

kvistii

Croat

Aroideana 27: 135

2004

Homalomena

moffleriana

Croat & Grayum

Aroideana 27: 137

2004

Homalomena

peltata

Mast.

Gard. Chron., n.s., 1877(?): 273

1877

Homalomena

picturata

(Linden & André) Regel

Gartenflora 26: 33

1877

Homalomena

roezelii

(Mast.) Regel

Gartenflora 26: 33

1877

Homalomena

speariae

Bogner & Moffler

Aroideana 7: 37

1984

Homalomena

wallisii

Regel

Gartenflora

1877

Homalomena

wendlandii

Schott

Prodr. Syst. Aroid.: 308

1860

Bold non-italic text are currently accepted species. All of these names above in Homalomena will be combined into Adelonema. Tom has also three new species, and a new variety of H. (A.) crinipes.

Non-bold italics are synonyms

[T] = type species for the genus

Adelonema will comprise 16 taxa.

One additional Neotropical ‘Homalomena’, H. solimoensis G.M.Barroso [Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 15: 89 1957] was moved to Philodendron by Eduardo as: Philodendron humile E.G.Gonç.

Peter

From: aroid-l-bounces@www.gizmoworks.com [mailto:aroid-l-bounces@www.gizmoworks.com] On Behalf Of Marek Argent

Sent: Saturday, 19 November, 2011 2:26 AM

To: discussion of aroids

Subject: [Aroid-l] Adelonema

Hello,

Is Adelonema a valid genus? I've read about it in the "überlist" published in the IAS homepage.

What species of Homalomena have been moved?

Can I find any document on the web?

Best,

Marek

_______________________________________________

Aroid-L mailing list

Aroid-L@www.gizmoworks.com

http://www.gizmoworks.com/mailman/listinfo/aroid-l

--

D. Christopher Rogers

((,///////////=======<

785.864.1714

Crustacean Taxonomist and Ecologist

Kansas Biological Survey

Kansas University, Higuchi Hall

2101 Constant Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66047-3759 USA

http://www.kbs.ku.edu/

http://www.kbs.ku.edu/directory/d-christopher-rogers/

Associate Editor, Journal of Crustacean Biology http://www.thecrustaceansociety.org/

Vice President, Southwest Association of Freshwater Invertebrate Taxonomists SAFIT.ORG