Science fiction clones and plant clones are basically the same thing - it's just that mammals can't normally be grown "vegetatively" from offshoots or pieces like plants can. You could think of a plant clone like it's a bunch of identical twins. Conversely, two seeds from the same cross are like fraternal twins - no matter how similar they appear to us, they're genetically different individuals and are each a seperate clone.
Yes, a sport is a spontaneous mutation - a genetic change that happened as an error during cell division at a growing tip of the plant, rather than from an error or recombination that occured when
I. virginica 'Alba' may or may not be a clone, depending on whether all plants called 'Alba' are vegetative offsets from a single original plant. This is the problem with giving clones very general names, because some people will incorrectly assign the name 'Alba' to every white-flowered clone, whether or not they're really the same plant. A simple mutation like that could also be a strain, like the plants usually called Iris tectorum 'Alba', where the trait comes true from seed, but each seed-grown plant is by definition a seperate clone. Iris virginica and I. versicolor are actually an unusual situation where white forms are unlikely to occur, so I wouldn't be surprised if 'Alba' really is a clone, but that's an entirely other story.
Sean Z
On Wed, Dec 12, 2012 at 12:11 PM, Darlene Moore <d*@carolinarubber.com> wrote:
Jamie,
I think I have this straight but as you say "...as one often thinks a
clone is only created through this {tissue culture} method of
reproduction..." I had always thought of "clones" in popular Science
Fiction Literature and in terms of mammals.
Your definition of "any defined genetic version of a plant" do you mean
defined by the taxonomy community?
Mark mentions Iris virginica ALBA. How is that classified and where did
it come from?
A spontaneous mutation would be called what? Is a spontaneous mutation
in roses called a "sport?"
Thanks,
Darlene
On 12/8/2012 7:33 AM, JamieV. wrote:
>
> Darlene,
>
> I would add to Mark's definition that a clone is any defined genetic
> version of a plant. That is to say, it must not be a species, but may
> be. Any two plants (species, hybrids, it doesn't matter), when
> crossed succesfully, create a generation of offspring. Any of these
> offspring belong to that particular cross, which we refer to as a
> grex. Each individual is a clone, as it is genetically unique. Any
> vegetative increase are parts of the same clone. This would include
> tissue culture, for the most part, as well. Thus we have the word
> 'cloning' in use to refer to tissue culture. A bit of a misnomer, as
> one often thinks a clone is only created throught this method of
> reproduction, which would be untrue. Everytime you divide a specific
> plant, you are increasing the clone. Every new growth of a plant is
> an increase of this clone. They are genetically identical (excluding
> spontaneous mutation, which can take place).
>
> In commerce, a named variety, that is vegetatively increased, is a
> distinct clone. We see this with orchids, garden perennials, even
> trees and shrubs. Often, plants are sold under incorrect names, which
> confuses the issue, but i think we have all learned to take this in
> stride.
>
> Jamie
>
> Am 07.12.2012 15:24, schrieb Darlene Moore:
>> Mark,
>>
>> Thank you for your sentence "Clones are variations within a species."
>> I enjoyed the Historic or Heritage Daylilies site. Hemerocallis fulva
>> is a favorite of mine also.
>>
>> Your photo of Iris virginica is much more blue than the irises I have.
>> About twenty-five years ago I bought these from Louisiana Nursery in
>> Opelousas. I have moved twice but carried them with me. Last winter
>> something started eating the rhizomes. I blamed voles as my cat of 13
>> years died so I thought he had kept the critters at bay. The population
>> of irises was reduced by two-thirds, but are now coming back --- we
>> took in two kittens from the local animal shelter last May. It will be
>> a "scorched earth" policy around the house I'm sure!
>>
>> I have attached two photos of my Iris virginica.
>>
>> Darlene
>>
>>
>> On 12/5/2012 8:10 PM, Mark A. Cook wrote:
>>>> How does one know they are clones? And does it matter to anyone?
>>> Darlene,
>>> They are probably variants within the species. Clones are
>>> variations within a species. While not Irises, there are many clones of
>>> Hemerocallis fulva, which is a Daylily species. You can see 6 of them here
>>> http://members.tripod.com/bigalligator_1/id9.html
>>>
>>> Jumping back to Irises, the first two photos on
>>> http://members.tripod.com/bigalligator_1/id20.html are of two types of Iris
>>> virginica. The white one is the clone ALBA. The bluish one, I am not sure
>>> if it is a clone or not. If anyone knows, please let me know.
>>>
>>> Mark A. Cook
>>> b*@bellsouth.net
>>> Dunnellon, Florida.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> ------------------------------------
>>>
>>> Yahoo! Groups Links
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>
>
> --
> Jamie V.
>
> _______________________
>
> Köln (Cologne)
> Germany
> Zone 8
>
--
Darlene Moore
Carolina Rubber & Specialties, Inc.
Phone: 336-744-5111 Fax: 336-744-5101
Email: d*@carolinarubber.com
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