Re: Re: CULT: Growing Iris South Florida
iris@hort.net
  • Subject: Re: Re: CULT: Growing Iris South Florida
  • From: C* C* <d*@rewrite.hort.net>
  • Date: Sun, 9 Nov 2014 11:49:06 -0500
Iris are temperature dependent on triggers. No photoperiod triggers for bloom. While a number (if not all) of fruit trees have a photoperiod trigger. Iris are herbaceous monocots. Fruit trees are woody dicots. A whole different set of triggers. Apple trees will grow apples in hot areas of India with moderate high temperatures. There is no onset of dormancy triggered by temperatures, so no need of vernalization to remove dormancy. Flowering is triggered by photoperiod as long as they are not in dormancy. No dormancy, no need of vernalization.
The genetic program in iris is entirely temperature related as far as I can tell.. Getting my experiment set up currently to test this. Checking on costs and procedures for using growth chambers. They need the iris to be quarantined before going into growth greenhouse environment. Negotiating what this entails.
Aphyllas have a photoperiod trigger for winter dormancy, so don't need vernalization genes for winter dormancy. Hence you get fall cyclic rebloomers with aphylla non vernalization gene. Consider vernalization gene to be recessive. But still need epigentic trigger of receptive state for bud set. A different set of vernalization genes (as far as I can tell). All this based on current understanding, that fits all current facts available. 

-----Original Message-----
From: Linda Mann <101l@rewrite.hort.net>
To: iris <iris@hort.net>
Sent: Sun, Nov 9, 2014 10:30 am
Subject: Re: [iris] Re: CULT: Growing Iris South Florida

Thanks for the clarification, Chuck.

So in this case, breeding for irises that would not require chilling
would make them maladaptive for everywhere else. And if they would grow 
anywhere else (i.e., with temperatures cool enough for vernalization in
winter), they wouldn't be adapted to south Florida.

From what I've read, stone fruit trees (cherries, apples, peaches etc)
that 'require' chilling in order to bloom and set fruit will eventually
break dormancy in a no-chill climate, so I don't see why irises
(especially some of the rebloomers) wouldn't be able to do the same.

The bigger issue seems like it would be disease tolerance in heat +
humidity, high rainfall.

I found a few articles online about breeding programs aimed at fruit
production in tropical climates - esp Brazil.  They now have produced
apples that require <100 hrs of chilling, some capable of producing more 
than one crop/year (i.e., reblooming apples ;-) )

Linda Mann

I saw two articles about maples - one was sugar maple, the other
European plane tree.
On 11/8/2014 7:09 AM, Chuck Chapman wrote:

Maladaptive  with changes  from original environment. That is  grow
bloom etc in a way that causes problems. such as an iris not 
blooming.

A good example is with lateral clines of  a maple species ( I think it
was sugar maple or could have been Norway maple). One taken from near
Arctic circle and planted in Virginia that never went dormant   until
after freezing. The one from Virginia  transplanted to near Arctic
circle    didn't start growing until very late in season and went
dormant very early, so hardly grew.  Different environmental
circumstances. what adapted it to one climate was a problem in 
another.
Same species, different adaptations. What worked in native habitat 
was

maladaptive in a different climate.

Chuck Chapman

-----Original Message-----
From: Linda Mann <101l@rewrite.hort.net>
To: iris <iris@hort.net>
Sent: Fri, Nov 7, 2014 9:22 pm
Subject: Re: [iris] Re: CULT: Growing Iris South Florida
Not sure what you mean by this - maladaptive to survival in the 
changed

environment?  Or maladaptive to survival in the original environment.
Maladaptive in what way.

<Or go through it in  strange  way that is maladaptive, the more the
change to environmental signals, the more maladaptive. >



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