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Re: Viola koreana

Viola species
Common Name: Violet, Pansy
Family: Violaceae
HABITAT: Native to temperate regions of the world.
USES: Bedding plants, borders, natural gardens, rock gardens.
HABIT: Cool-season annuals, biennials, and hardy perennials up to 12" and in
various colors. Flowers
occur early spring or fall depending on the species and time of sowing.
Usually have one spurred petal
and 2 other unlike pairs of petals.
SEED GERMINATION: For a spring crop, sow seeds in late winter 8-10 weeks
before planting
outdoors. For a fall crop for over-wintering where winters are mild, sow seed
in late summer for planting
out in early fall. Sow seed in a moistened growing medium and cover lightly.
Complete darkness and cool
temperatures are required. Cover the container to exclude light and place in
a location of 60°. When
starting seed in warm areas, place the seed tray in the refrigerator for a
few days and then into a cool
area, such as a basement or cellar, or on a cool tile or cement floor.
Germination occurs in 14-20 days.
Grow on in high light. Ideal temperatures for best performance are 40° nights
and 60° days. Shading may
be necessary to reduce daytime temperatures. Once seedlings have 3-4 leaves,
transplant them to
individual containers. Fertilize regularly with a water-soluble fertilizer.
CULTURE: Outdoors, plant 8-12 inches apart in full sun in a moist, rich soil.
Good drainage is essential
to prevent rot. Heavy soils should be amended with sand and organic matter. A
continuous supply of
nutrients is necessary for the constant production of large flowers. Light
top-dressings of 5-10-10 should
be made at 2 week intervals, followed by watering-in.
POLLINATION: 
INSECTS: Cutworms, Slugs, Sawflies: Apply an approved insecticide like Sevin
or a biological control.
DISEASES: Root Rot, Crown Rot, Wilt: Rotate Crops.
Powdery Mildew, Scab: Apply an approved fungicide such as Maneb, Zineb, or
Sulfur.
PROPAGATION: Seed, division, runners.
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