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Re: orchid question

Hi Larry:

>
>> Is tobacco mosaic the same thing that tomato plants can
>> get from smokers?  How does this stuff survive the tobacco
>> curing and manufacturing of cigarrettes?
>>
>> Larry

Yes, it is the same virus infecting tomato plants.  Its name is Tobamovirus.
The short answer to your question is:

I'm not trying to make light of what you asked, but it can be explained with
another question.  Why don't viri (Pl. virus) catch colds? It is a virus
inherently part of the physical make-up of the tobacco plant.  It is kinda
like..when the tobacco is cured, all its ills are cured too.


The longish answer to your question is:

Description generated automatically from DELTA-format data including
sections links in Table of Contents. Description may not cover all sections
listed and therefore some links may not be functional at present.

71.0.1. Tobamovirus

Taxonomy
Virus Code. 71.0.1. Virus Accession number 71010000.
Synonym(s): Tobacco mosaic virus group.
Virus infects plants.

Description is on taxonomic level of genus (not yet assigned to a family).


Properties of Virion
Morphology
Virions not enveloped (15/15). Virions occasionally more than one type of
particle; a low percentage in population different in size and range (about
one third of the usual length). Nucleocapsids rod-shaped; usually straight
(16/16); with a clear modal length (16), or with clear modal length (1);
297-303.3-320 nm long; short particles 70-100 nm long; 15-17.26-18.2 nm in
diameter. Symmetry helical. Nucleocapsids with distinct central canal. Axial
canal obvious (14/16), or obscure (2/16). Axial canal 2-3.257-4 nm in
diameter. Basic helix obvious (11/12), or obscure (1/12). Pitch of helix
2.3-2.314-2.4 nm.

Physicochemical an Physical Properties
Buoyant density 1.25-1.317-1.37 g cm-3 in CsCl. One sedimenting component in
purified preparations (11/13), or two sedimenting components in purified
preparations (1/13), or three sedimenting components in purified
preparations (1/13). Sedimentation coefficient 176-190.8-212 S; of the
other(s) 35-87-119 S. Isoelectric point pH 3.16-3.853-4.64. A260/A280 ratio
0.63-1.113-1.33. TIP: 80-91.5-95 °C. LIV: 30-3898-35000 days. DEP: log10
minus 5 (2/11), or 6 (8/11), or 7 (7/11), or 8 (1/11), or 10 (1/11).
Infectivity of sap not changed by treatment with di-ethyl ether (6/6).
Infectivity retained when deproteinised with proteases (2/5), or decreased
when deproteinised with proteases (3/5); retained when deproteinised with
phenol or detergent (7/7).

Nucleic Acid
Virions contain 5 % nucleic acid. Genome consists of usually a monomer, or
multiple molecules (that is mRNA encoding the coat protein which is
encapsidated in the short particles). Virions contain usually one molecule
of, or three segments of linear (9/9) single stranded (12/12) RNA (12/12).
Total genome length is 6355-6453-6500 nt. The largest segment 6355-6453-6500
nt. NCBI Taxon ID: 12234. Base ratio 23-24.32-25.8 % guanine;
24.6-27.92-29.8 % adenine; 18-19.02-20.6 % cytosine; 26.3-28.72-31.6 %
uracil. The 5' end of the genome has a cap (3/3). Cap sequence m7G5'ppp5
('Gp). Poly A region absent (3/3). 3'-terminus has a tRNA-like structure
(which accepts histidine). Non-genomic nucleic acid found in the virions
(4/5), or not found in the virions (1/5). Is subgenomic mRNA (4/4), or host
genomic RNA (1/4). Including host ribosomal RNA (found in the short
particles of some species). Sub-genomic mRNA found in infected cells (6/6).
Each virion contains longer than full length copy.


Proteins
Virions contain 95 % protein. One structural virion protein found (12/14),
or two structural virion proteins found (2/14). Protein size
17000-18820-26500 Da. Protein size of 2nd largest 15900-16700-17500 Da.
Virus-coded non-structural proteins identified by genomic sequence analysis
(1/1). Four non-structural proteins found (1/1). Protein size 182900 Da.
Protein size of 2nd largest 125900 Da. Protein size of 3rd 54000 Da. Protein
size of 4th 30000 Da.

Lipids
Virions contain 0 % lipid.

Genome Organization and Replication
Genomic nucleic acid infectious (6/6).
Genome replicates in cytoplasm (2/2).

Function of Helper and Satellite Viruses. Virions associated with helper
virus, but independent from its functions during replication (10/10).

Cytopathology. Virions found in cytoplasm (12/12), or in nuclei (2/12), or
in chloroplasts (2/12), or in cell vacuoles (3/12). Inclusions present in
infected cells (12/12). Inclusions are crystals in the cytoplasm (10/12), or
amorphous X-bodies (5/12), or viroplasma (1/12), or unusual in shape (3/12).
They contain virions (9/9), or they do not contain virions (1/9).


Biological Properties
Symptoms and Host Range
Host of virus belongs to the Domain Eucarya. Host of virus belongs to the
Kingdom Plantae.

Natural Host Range and Symptoms
Symptoms persist (11/12), or vary seasonally (1/12), or disappear soon after
infection (1/12).

Experimental Host Range and Symptoms
Many (>9) families susceptible (4/16), or several (3-9) families susceptible
(8/16), or few (<3) families susceptible (4/16).

Susceptible Hosts
Experimentally infected species susceptible to virus: Amaranthus caudatus
(3), or Amaranthus retroflexus (1), or Antirrhinum majus (1), or Beta
vulgaris (5), or Brassica campestris (1), or Brassica campestris ssp. napus
(1), or Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis (1), or Brassica campestris ssp.
rapa (1), or Brassica juncea (1), or Brassica nigra (1), or Brassica
oleracea var. botrytis (1), or Brassica oleracea var. capitata (1), or
Cajanus cajan (1), or Capsicum annuum (5), or Capsicum baccatum (1), or
Capsicum cardenasii (1), or Capsicum chacoense (1), or Capsicum chinense
(1), or Capsicum eximium (1), or Capsicum frutescens (6), or Capsicum
microcarpum (1), or Capsicum praetermissum (1), or Capsicum pubescens (1),
or Cassia occidentalis (1), or Cassia tora (1), or Catharanthus roseus (1),
or Chenopodium album (2), or Chenopodium amaranticolor (13), or Chenopodium
ambrosioides (1), or Chenopodium capitatum (2), or Chenopodium foliosum (1),
or Chenopodium hybridum (2), or Chenopodium murale (8), or Chenopodium
quinoa (12), or Cichorium endiva (1), or Citrullus lanatus (2), or Citrullus
vulgaris (1), or Crotalaria juncea (1), or Crotalaria retusa (1), or
Crotalaria spectabilis (1), or Cucumis melo (2), or Cucumis sativus (8), or
Cucurbita maxima (2), or Cucurbita moschata (3), or Cucurbita pepo (2), or
Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (2), or Cymbidium alexanderi (1), or Cyphomandra
betacea (1), or Datura metel (4), or Datura stramonium (11), or Datura
tatula (3), or Digitalis lanata (1), or Eryngium aquaticum (1), or Eryngium
planum (1), or Eutrema wasabi (1), or Gomphrena globosa (7), or Helianthus
annuus (1), or Hibiscus (1), or Hordeum vulgare (1), or Hyoscyamus niger
(1), or Lablab purpureus (1), or Lactuca sativa (2), or Lagenaria siceraria
(1), or Luffa acutangula (1), or Lupinus albus (1), or Lycopersicon chilense
(2), or Lycopersicon esculentum (8), or Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium (3),
or Melandrium album (1), or Momordica charantia (1), or Montia perfoliata
(1), or Mucuna aterrima (1), or Nicandra physalodes (4), or Nicotiana
benthamiana (6), or Nicotiana bigelovii (1), or Nicotiana clevelandii (11),
or Nicotiana debneyi (6), or Nicotiana glauca (1), or Nicotiana glutinosa
(13), or Nicotiana glutinosa × N. clevelandii (1), or Nicotiana megalosiphon
(4), or Nicotiana occidentalis (1), or Nicotiana rustica (7), or Nicotiana
sylvestris (6), or Nicotiana tabacum (15), or Nicotiana × edwardsonii (1),
or Ocimum basilicum (3), or Odontoglossum grande (1), or Opuntia engelmannii
(1), or Papaver nudicaule (1), or Passiflora edulis (1), or Petunia ×
hybrida (11), or Phaseolus lunatus (1), or Phaseolus vulgaris (4), or Phlox
drummondii (1), or Physalis floridana (6), or Physalis peruviana (4), or
Pisum sativum (3), or Plantago lanceolata (1), or Plantago major (1), or
Plumeria acutifolia (1), or Plumeria alba (1), or Raphanus sativus (1), or
Rorippa amphibia (1), or Rorippa sylvestris (1), or Rosa (1), or Salvia
splendens (1), or Sesbania exaltata (1), or Sisymbrium loeselii (1), or
Solanum giganteum (1), or Solanum melongena (5), or Solanum nigrum (3), or
Solanum pseudocapsicastrum (1), or Solanum tuberosum (2), or Solanum
tuberosum ssp. andigena × S. tuberosum ssp. tuberosum (1), or Spinacia
oleracea (4), or Stellaria media (1), or Tetragonia tetragonioides (4), or
Trifolium subterraneum (1), or Triticum aestivum (1), or Tropaeolum majus
(2), or Ullucus tuberosus (1), or Vicia faba (2), or Vigna unguiculata (3),
or Vigna unguiculata ssp. cylindrica (1), or Vigna unguiculata ssp.
sesquipedalis (2), or Zinnia elegans (3).

Insusceptible Hosts
Species inoculated with virus, but tested not to be susceptible: Abelmoschus
esculentus (1/14), or Apium graveolens (1/14), or Arachis hypogaea (1/14),
or Avena sativa (1/14), or Bellis perennis (1/14), or Beta vulgaris (1/14),
or Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis (3/14), or Brassica campestris ssp.
rapa (1/14), or Cajanus cajan (1/14), or Capsella bursa-pastoris (1/14), or
Capsicum annuum (4/14), or Capsicum frutescens (2/14), or Catharanthus
roseus (3/14), or Cheiranthus cheiri (1/14), or Chenopodium amaranticolor
(2/14), or Chenopodium foetidum (1/14), or Chrysanthemum morifolium (1/14),
or Citrullus vulgaris (1/14), or Clitoria ternatea (1/14), or Cucumis melo
(2/14), or Cucumis sativus (4/14), or Cucurbita pepo (2/14), or Cyphomandra
betacea (1/14), or Dahlia pinnata (1/14), or Datura metel (1/14), or Datura
stramonium (1/14), or Daucus carota (1/14), or Dianthus barbatus (1/14), or
Glycine max (1/14), or Gomphrena globosa (2/14), or Gossypium hirsutum
(1/14), or Helianthus annuus (1/14), or Hordeum vulgare (1/14), or Ipomoea
nil (1/14), or Ipomoea setosa (1/14), or Lablab purpureus (1/14), or Lactuca
sativa (2/14), or Lycopersicon esculentum (4/14), or Lycopersicon
pimpinellifolium (1/14), or Macrotyloma uniflorum (1/14), or Matthiola
incana (2/14), or Montia perfoliata (1/14), or Nicotiana glauca (1/14), or
Nicotiana glutinosa (2/14), or Nicotiana megalosiphon (1/14), or Nicotiana
rustica (2/14), or Nicotiana sylvestris (1/14), or Ocimum basilicum (1/14),
or Pastinaca sativa (1/14), or Petroselinum crispum (1/14), or Petunia ×
hybrida (2/14), or Phaseolus acutifolius (1/14), or Phaseolus vulgaris
(6/14), or Pisum sativum (3/14), or Raphanus sativus (2/14), or Rumex
acetosa (1/14), or Salvia splendens (1/14), or Secale cereale (1/14), or
Sesamum indicum (1/14), or Sinningia speciosa (1/14), or Solanum melongena
(1/14), or Solanum nigrum (1/14), or Solanum tuberosum (2/14), or Spinacia
oleracea (2/14), or Stellaria media (1/14), or Tetragonia tetragonioides
(1/14), or Trifolium incarnatum (2/14), or Trifolium repens (1/14), or
Triticum aestivum (1/14), or Vicia faba (4/14), or Vicia sativa (1/14), or
Vigna unguiculata (4/14), or Vigna unguiculata ssp. cylindrica (2/14), or
Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis (2/14), or Zea mays (1/14), or Zinnia
elegans (3/14).
Families containing susceptible hosts: Amaranthaceae (7), or Apocynaceae
(2), or Basellaceae (1), or Cactaceae (1), or Caryophyllaceae (1), or
Chenopodiaceae (15), or Compositae (4), or Cruciferae (1), or Cucurbitaceae
(8), or Gramineae (1), or Labiatae (4), or Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae (2),
or Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (6), or Malvaceae (1), or Orchidaceae (1), or
Papaveraceae (1), or Passifloraceae (1), or Plantaginaceae (1), or
Polemoniaceae (1), or Portulacaceae (1), or Rosaceae (1), or
Scrophulariaceae (2), or Solanaceae (16), or Tetragoniaceae (4), or
Tropaeolaceae (2), or Umbelliferae (1).

Families containing insusceptible hosts: Amaranthaceae (2/14), or
Apocynaceae (3/14), or Caryophyllaceae (1/14), or Chenopodiaceae (4/14), or
Compositae (4/14), or Convolvulaceae (1/14), or Cruciferae (5/14), or
Cucurbitaceae (6/14), or Gesneriaceae (1/14), or Gramineae (1/14), or
Labiatae (2/14), or Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (11/14), or Malvaceae (2/14),
or Pedaliaceae (1/14), or Polygonaceae (1/14), or Portulacaceae (1/14), or
Solanaceae (11/14), or Tetragoniaceae (1/14), or Umbelliferae (1/14).


Transmission
Transmitted by a vector (1/12), or means not involving a vector (12/12).
Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation (16/16); transmitted by grafting
(7/7); transmitted by contact between plants (7/7); transmitted by seed
(5/7), or not transmitted by seed (2/7); not transmitted by pollen (3/3).
Transmitted by an insect (1/1); Coleoptera (1/1).

Geographic Distribution
Probably distributed world-wide (5/5). Spreads in the Eurasian region (2/2).
Spreads in Argentina (1/11), or Australia (2/11), or Denmark (1/11), or
France (1/11), or Hungary (1/11), or Iceland (1/11), or India (2/11), or
Italy (1/11), or Japan (4/11), or Kenya (1/11), or the Netherlands (2/11),
or Peru (3/11), or Spain (1/11), or the UK (3/11), or the USA (2/11).

Diagnostic and Methods
Leaf sap contains few virions (1/15), or contains many virions (14/15).

Taxonomic Structure

Type species: 71.0.1.0.001 tobacco mosaic virus.
Species: 71.0.1.0.002 cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (SH strain);
71.0.1.0.003 frangipani mosaic virus; 71.0.1.0.004 kyuri green mottle mosaic
virus; 71.0.1.0.005 Odontoglossum ringspot virus; 71.0.1.0.006 paprika mild
mottle virus; 71.0.1.0.007 pepper mild mottle virus (S strain); 71.0.1.0.008
ribgrass mosaic virus; 71.0.1.0.009 Sammons' Opuntia virus; 71.0.1.0.010
sunn-hemp mosaic virus; 71.0.1.0.011 tobacco mild green mosaic virus;
71.0.1.0.012 tobacco mosaic virus (vulgare strain; ssp. NC82 strain);
71.0.1.0.013 tomato mosaic virus; 71.0.1.0.014 Ullucus mild mottle virus.
Tentative species: 71.0.1.T.015 Chara corallina virus; 71.0.1.T.016 Maracuja
mosaic virus.
The plant virus database VIDE is also listing the following species:
71.0.1.T.DE.1 hibiscus yellow mosaic virus; 71.0.1.T.DE.1 potato virus 14R;
71.0.1.T.DE.1 rose virus.

References
The following references are cited in the Sixth ICTV Report: rf_tobam.htm.

Data sources and contributors.
The above description has been compiled from the data presented in the Sixth
ICTV Report by van Regenmortel MHV, Meshi T.

Related Databases
Taxon images: em_tmv.gif a6.gif

Happy growing,
Keith Davies
depau@igalaxy.net
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