Summer Rebloomers are "direct Bloomer" biological. that is they go directly from flower bud set to flowering. Flower bud set for TBs are usually 6 days with minimum temperature between 16-21C aftrer plant has reached leaf count maturity minus one. The final leaf is not seen until after flower stalk has emerged, and second last leaf is tucked fairly tightly inside fan, but can be seen if leaves are opened. So they don't need vernalization or photoperiod trigger.
Fall cyclic rebloomers set flower buds at same time as Summer rebloomers, but need a short night signal to initiate flower stalk growth, thus fall rebloom.
Whenever rebloomers will rebloom much earlier then a Summer rebloomer. they seem to set flower bud as soon as the plant reches maturity, or so it seems.
For me Forever Blue et ilk, can start rebloom even before TBs finish. Often only needing about a week of rest before restarting. And then proceed to rebloom several times. Both Forever Blue and Autumn Jester have done near continuous bloom, and Forever Violet is not far behind. For me Summer rebloomers start with Queen Dorathy, followed shortly by Immortality. The earliest is about mid August, while Whenever rebloomers can start at end of June, when TBs are just starting their spring bloom. This year, with a cool summer, QD and Imm rebloomed second week of Sept. Three months after whenever rebloomers started.
Thus a sporatic rebloomer that rebloomes in summer, with other Summer rebloomers, is likely to be more similar to Summer rebloomers geneticall, and biological, then to whenever rebloomers. If rebloom is much earlier then summer rebloomers, and not on a delayed fan, then it would be more similar biological and geneticatly to whenever rebloomers.
Chuck Chapman
-----Original Message-----
From: Autmirislvr@aol.com
To: iris-photos@yahoogroups.com
Sent: Sun, Nov 8, 2009 7:15 pm
Subject: Re: [iris-photos] Re: REB: fall cyclic vs other (was seedling help on photos group)
Chuck, How do you distinguish between Summer Rebloomers and Whenever Rebloomers? When do each bloom in your area?
<<Summer Rebloomers get going, so proably is a whenever rebloomer>>
I'm afraid I've used the terms as interchangable. Things like All Revved Up & Returning Chameleon (just to name a couple) can start blooming in July (summer for me) and often bloom each month until fall frost. This year RC and Over and Over are the only ones that have done this in my garden, but many others have in the past.
Betty Wilkerson
Bridge In Time Irises
KY Zone 6
-----Original Message-----
From: irischapman@aim.com
To: iris-photos@yahoogroups.com
Sent: Sun, Nov 8, 2009 5:00 pm
Subject: Re: [iris-photos] Re: REB: fall cyclic vs other (was seedling help on photos group)
Forever Violet
Blueberry Tart
Autumn Jester
Summer Encore
Wizzard Of Hope
Precious Little Pink
All except PLP are SDB from Forever Blue. PLP is an IB that reblooms often, and usually before Summer Rebloomers get going, so proably is a whenever rebloomer
Chuck Chapman
-----Original Message-----
From: Bill Chaney <billchaney@ymail.com>
To: iris-photos@yahoogroups.com
Sent: Sun, Nov 8, 2009 5:44 pm
Subject: Re: [iris-photos] Re: REB: fall cyclic vs other (was seedling help on photos group)
Hi Chuck,
Could you list a few iris besides Forever Blue that you would call whenever bloomers?
Thanks
Bill
From: "irischapman@aim.com" <irischapman@aim.com>
To: iris-photos@yahoogroups.com
Sent: Sun, November 8, 2009 12:29:44 PM
Subject: Re: [iris-photos] Re: REB: fall cyclic vs other (was seedling help on photos group)
What Again is a bit of a mystery. I've had it and lost it several times. It hasn't been a good rebloomer for me and I'm not sure if it is a summer rebloomer or not. When it has rebloomed for me it was late enough in the season to make it's classification uncertain.
Grape Cordial does not rebloom for me and so far I haven't gotten Double Your Fun to make it throgh a fisrt winter.
Be Happy has bloomer relatively early for me., but still well after Immortality.
Terry Atkin made the cross of What Again X Forever Blue, and did not get any rebloomers. So a big diffeence on reciprocal crosses. I got another piece of What Again and want to make reciprocal croses of WA and FB to see what si going on here.
So while WA gave lots of rebloomers as pollen parent it didn't for Terry as pod parent. It should have if What Again is a fall cyclic rebloomer or if it is a whenever rebloomer, so it very well be a summer rebloomer that carries the genes that FB needed.
My classification so far is the initial classification. I wouldn't be surprized to find several subgroups or other variations of rebloom genetics. So far an initial start of genetic classification.
To distinguish whenever rebloomers from summer rebloomers, you need to look at initial rebloom. Summer rebloomers need to have flower bud initiated before they rebloom, whenever rebloomers don't. Flower bud is initiated after plant has reached maturity and has 6 days of min temperature in range of 16-21 C ,. At least TBs do. May very well be different with SDB.
Whenever rebloomers, such as Forever Blue et ilk will rebloom much much earlier then summer rebloomers. I'm speculating that what is happening is a weakness of apical dominance resetting vernalization. Vernalization is an epigenetic state, set by the cool days of fall/winter. Once a plant has been vernalized, all of it's cells are set in that genetic state. As increases usually don't carry vernalizatiuon with them, it would seem that the main flower stalk resets vernalization in the plant and the increases (normally) . In the wheneever rebloomers ( at least with mine) ther is extra quick growth, so the increases may very well be too large to be reset to a non-vernalized state by apical dominance in spriong. Thus the increases bloom when they reach maturity. A working theory for now.
In any case the whenever rebloomers don't need the temperature to set flower bud, so rebloom much earlier
Summer rebloomers go directly from flower bud initiation to bloom, not needing eithr vernalization or photoperiod to trigger bloom.
To distinguish sporatic as to what genetic type, (aside from test crosses) it would be necessary to see iff they bloom earlier then, say, Queen Dorothy.
Keep track of those with maiden summer bloom. I've done that with mine this year. It wil;l be interesting t osee what they do in later years.
My best guess at what is happening with maiden summer bloom comes from some research on ardiopsis. Some seeds that inherit a defective bloom gene will be set into total plant vernalization by stratification of seeds. And not have vernalization reset by germination. Thus they act as if they had already been vernalized. Thus they have genes that may contribute to rebloom, but perhaps not stong enough for rebloom. Again, morew to find out.
I still only have theories on what is making whenever rebloomers do their thing. I'm still looking carefully and tying to sort it all out. Always more to discover.
Chuck Chapman
-----Original Message-----
From: loic tasquier <tasquierloic@ cs.com>
To: iris-photos@ yahoogroups. com
Sent: Sun, Nov 8, 2009 4:03 am
Subject: Re: [iris-photos] Re: REB: fall cyclic vs other (was seedling help on photos group)
Hello Chuck
Do you call What Again a summer rebloomer?
Crossed with Forever Blue, it has given fabulous rebloomers, like your fabulous Autumn Jester that bloomed 4 times this year and Blueberry Tart, that bloomed 3 times. There is also Forever Violet and Summer Recall, that i don't have here, but must be good rebloomers too, mustn't they?
And what about Be Happy ? Here , it is also a summer rebloomer, and, crossed with Forever Blue, Aitken got Double Your Fun and Grape Cordial!
There is also Cry Baby, that reblooms every summer here.
I have used profusely Forever Blue since you've sent it to me, have a look:
here are the crosses i made with Forever Blue this year:
pod |
pol |
seeds |
B178= sangone x autumn circus |
forever blue |
14 |
Blue Chip Stock |
forever blue |
5 |
breezy blue |
forever blue |
24 |
Desi Brouwer |
forever blue |
3 |
forever |
maruchi |
7 |
forever |
C144A = Plum-Plum X All That Magic |
8 |
forever |
miss meredith |
4 |
forever |
el presidente |
12 |
forever |
B247A= sailor x stingray |
8 |
forever blue |
B074A= james x forever blue |
29 |
forever blue |
B109=experiment X forever blue |
8 |
forever blue |
date |
14 |
forever blue |
C044C= cry x A045B= (sapph jewel x what) |
18 |
forever blue |
stingray |
2 |
forever blue |
B178= sangone x autumn circus |
|
forever blue |
ride the tiger |
|
summertime blues |
forever blue |
25 |
|
|
|
and the crosses from last year:
A044A= red heart x plum |
forever |
8 |
A048F= djinn X bedford lilac |
forever |
8 |
B204C= step ahead x forever blue |
forever |
3 |
B306A=stingray x baby pr |
forever |
11 |
bedford lilac |
forever |
25 |
detroit |
forever |
9 |
forever |
A020B-RE=whatXsapph jew |
18 |
forever |
ozark |
22 |
forever |
ruby |
10 |
forever blue |
A020B-RE=whatXsapph jew |
28 |
forever blue |
B156A=forever x cry |
16 |
forever blue |
over & over |
20 |
2007:
pod |
pol |
seed |
captured spirit |
forever blue |
33 |
elegant lass |
forever blue |
45 |
eternal bliss |
forever blue |
11 |
forever blue |
cheeky |
14 |
forever blue |
A021A= Smell X Plum |
17 |
forever blue |
prank |
13 |
forever blue |
claire doodle |
5 |
forever blue |
punk |
11 |
forever blue |
honky tonk blues |
4 |
hell cat |
forever blue |
9 |
immortality |
forever blue |
24 |
love's tune |
forever blue |
8 |
mariposa skies |
forever blue |
21 |
pink fawn |
forever blue |
19 |
roman noir |
forever blue |
29 |
sailor |
forever blue |
14 |
sky king return |
forever blue |
16 |
snapie |
forever blue |
30 |
thalasso |
forever blue |
13 |
ticketty boo |
forever blue |
24 |
voila |
forever blue |
3 |
wizard's return |
forever blue |
22 |
2006 :
pod |
pol |
|
az ap |
forever blue |
18 |
breakers |
forever blue |
8 |
eramosa skies |
forever blue |
17 |
experiment |
forever blue |
30 |
forever blue |
captive sun |
11 |
forever blue |
star of africa |
8 |
forever blue |
chubby cheeks |
7 |
forever blue |
cry baby |
0 |
james bond |
forever blue |
28 |
long john |
forever blue |
14 |
mezza cartuccia |
forever blue |
5 |
roman noir |
forever blue |
23 |
step ahead |
forever blue |
18 |
westar |
forever blue |
8 |
Now, some exciting results:
here are the ones that maiden bloomed this summer (we'll see next year if they really are rebloomers, but it is a good omen),
this is the whole list, there are many from Forever Blue, and also from What Again:
B032B=cream X frankincense |
07_12 |
B032C = Cream & Peaches X Franckincense |
10_09 |
B297C=et bliss x punk |
08_08 |
C014A= midsummer's eve x rom ev |
09_09 |
C017B= miss nellie x buc arcade |
09_02 |
C022A= demon x altar fire |
08_30 |
C044B= cry x A045B= (sapph jewel x what) |
08_29 |
C065A= A034B= (high wire x what ) X unknown |
08_16 |
C065B= (A034B= high wire x what ) X unknown |
08_14 |
C065D= (A034B= high wire x what ) X unknown |
07_22 |
C065E= (A034B= high wire x what ) X unknown |
08_09 |
C065F= A034B= (high wire x what ) X unknown |
08_16 |
C067D= (A038E = gypsy boy x hot) X aut tan |
08_27 |
C067E= (A038E = gypsy boy x hot) X aut tan |
10_17 |
C078B= blueberry tart X A045B= (sapph jewel x what) |
08_27 |
C080B= capt spirit x forever |
08_17 |
C080C= capt spirit x forever |
09_04 |
C090A=dark crystal x autumn jester |
08_16 |
C095A= dixie x cry |
09_04 |
C105B= forever x punk |
07_29 |
C138B=pink fawn X forever |
07_05 |
C138C=pink fawn X fforever |
07_18 |
C138D= pink fawn xforever |
08_15 |
C139A= plenitude x cry |
08_20 |
C144A= plum x all that magic |
08_13 |
C160A= serenity X (A045B= sapph jewel x what) |
07_27 |
C167A= sparkplug X (A023B= smelll x what) |
09_10 |
C173A= ticketty boo x forever |
07_15 |
C173B= ticketty boo x forever |
08_12 |
C185A= fairy x elegant |
08_09 |
C191A = (A045D=(sapph jewel x what)) X cheeky |
07_26 |
C199= baby prince x ozark |
09_07 |
C208A= cry x immortality |
09_09 |
C209 = cry X Just teasing |
09_27 |
C240A= punk x bounce back |
08_22 |
C250A= tarheel x ozark |
09_09 |
C262= wizard's x stingray |
09_19 |
C264= (A052A=tweety X flamingvic) Xmidsummer's eve |
11_10 |
C265A= A056A-speculaas x altar fires |
09_05 |
C272A=sunny cinnamon x midsummer's eve |
08_01 |
C273= (A056A=(gypsy boy x rom ev) X cassis) |
07_10 |
C295A= finsterwald x hot |
08_22 |
C312= nth jewel x pinch |
08_24 |
C322A = Radiant Love X Bijtje:(pelexhot) |
09_15 |
C330A= voila x all that magic |
09_05 |
C331= voila X (A034B= high wire x what) |
08_31 |
C343= angel heart x banana |
07_20 |
C348B = Zing Me X Romantic Evening |
09_12 |
C350A = Evercool X Popstar |
09_23 |
C358A = Low Ho Silver X Immortality |
11_05 |
C360= many manalos x et bliss |
08_31 |
C364A= pink pele x rom ev |
08_25 |
C375B= smash x miss nellie |
08_27 |
C380A= aglow again x midsummer's eve |
08_06 |
C382E= step ahead X A045L(= sapph jewel x what) |
08_07 |
C383A= elegant lass x forever |
07_30 |
C383B= elegant lass x forever |
08_05 |
C387A= smash x elegant |
08_31 |
C399 = Dante's Inferno X A001A ( baby bengal x Tiger Honey ) |
09_13 |
C411A = Angelic Wings X What Again |
09_20 |
C411B = Angelic Wings X What Again |
10_03 |
C411C = Angelic Wings X What Again |
10_07 |
C411D = Angelic Wings X What Again |
10_10 |
C411E = Angelic Wings X What Again |
10_31 |
C437A= gold reprise x (A023C=(smelll x what)) |
08_13 |
C458= skyking returns x cry |
08_26 |
C482A=unknown TB X unknown |
07_25 |
C482B=unknown TB X unknown |
08_15 |
C482C= unknown TB x unknown |
08_30 |
C494A=unknown X unknown |
08_16 |
It will be more interesting to see what really reblooms next year, but think it would be good food for thought.
Loïc
NB: Betty, have you noticed all the seedlings from Midsummer's Eve, that is a child from Immortality!
----- Original Message -----
From: i*@aim.com
To: i*@yahoogroups.com
Sent: Saturday, November 07, 2009 7:44 PM
Subject: [iris-photos] Re: REB: fall cyclic vs other (was seedling help on photos group)
At times it takes close observation to distinguish what type of rebloomer you have. A plant that reblooms later in season may be a summer rebloomer genetically, but not have had size earlier in season to trigger bloom. So you would need to have noted that it was at size (leaf maturity) to have summer rebloom, and have it sit there and not rebloom when opportunity presents. Opporunity based on weather factors, but you can use plant markers such as Immortality and Queen dorothy as markers.
Also you can have Fall cyclic rebloomers put up a summer bloom, but on a fan that should have bloomed in spring, but was just missing all factors needed. You can tell this by checking rhizome to see if it is a mother fan blooming or an increase. If on a mother fan, then consider this to not be a summer rebloomer, until you get a summer bloom on an increase.
There is absolutly no doubt in my mind that Summer Rebloomers and Fall cyclic rebloomers are different genetically. I had made numerous crosses of Forever Blue with summer rebloomers, nary a rebloom seedling out of hundreds of seedlings. Many rebloomers out of FB X fall cyclic rebloomers. Far far past any level of significance you could apply to this.
Many instances of Fall cyclic rebloomers from cross of Fall cyclic rebloomers X oncers. George Sutton had written and article on this a couple of years back.
Chuck Chapman
-----Original Message-----
From: Linda Mann <lmann@lock-net. com>
To: i*@hort.net; iris-photos@ yahoogroups. com
Sent: Sat, Nov 7, 2009 1:28 pm
Subject: [iris-photos] Re: REB: fall cyclic vs other (was seedling help on photos group)
[so folks trying to find info in the archives are more likely to find
the discussion, I've moved my comments there as well as photos]
Too soon in attempted rebloom crosses to say for sure, but so far,
rebloom seems to be acting like a full recessive trait (i.e., 1/36 fall
cycle from two half "summer" rebloom parents). Climate interaction and
multiple genetic factors makes it hard to interpret data, but easy
enough to figure out what I want to change.
I'm still not totally convinced that fall cycle and "summer" (i.e.
jul/aug in my climate) bloom are separate genes. With only maiden
bloom, it's too soon to tell how many/if any of the late fall bloom this
year is really rebloom, much less whether it's cycle or summer.
However, if your theory holds for my climate, Chuck, based on leaf
count, it looks like they will all be late cycle.
If they are separate genes, most/all of the "summer" bloomers here also
have cycle rebloom genes.
But am hoping that whatever other factors are operating in plants that
<can> bloom in July and Aug in California have a chance of combining
with plants carrying Jul/Aug genes here to produce plants that will
thrive in my growing conditions and at least bloom by Sept. I'm hoping
to combine traits of my plants that thrive in summer high humidity and
erratic rainfall with those of cultivars that bloom in CA summer heat.
May not be possible, but I figure it's worth a try.
So far, the only west coast summer bloomers that have rebloomed here are
FEED BACK and GOLDEN IMMORTAL. At least those are the only two I can
think of. MARTY RICHARDS is alive, but doesn't rebloom. MARIPOSA
AUTUMN is a strong growing, reliable, fairly early cycle rebloomer here.
Chuck replied:
<Fall Cyclic maturity seems to act like a dominant factor, so no need
to cross it with an other Fall cyclic rebloomer. Just a plant with fast
growth and low "plant Maturity" leaf count.>
I said:
<To get away from all this late cycle rebloom here, for next year's
rebloom crosses, I hope to mix the late cycle genes from a few things
exclusively with west coast "summer" bloomers to see if that will get
the right mixture of rebloom genes to at least get earlier fall bloom.>