RE: unusual forms in species
- Subject: RE: unusual forms in species
- From: "David Ferguson m*@msn.com [iris-species]" <i*@yahoogroups.com>
- Date: Sat, 7 Feb 2015 16:57:53 -0700
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Some thoughts on chimeras,
I'm not sure how you could be sure if this photo is of a true chimera, or just something weird happening within the tissues of the individual plant itself. We have a number of Iris cultivars that do this sort of thing routinely, and they are not chimeras. A chimera would involve tissue of two genetically distinct individual plants combined into one, but not completely integrated, and some patches of tissue being of one and some of the other, and perhaps some mixed. Usually this would occur in early embryonic development, but it can happen with intermixing of tissue through a graft as well. It happens in both plants and animals. However, other things can cause a similar appearance. When something happens in some tissue, but not all, perhaps a genetic mutation, that switches on or off or alters some visibly expressed trait, the affect can look similar to a chimer! a, but it doesn't mean it is truly a chimera. Variegates can pop up this way too, and in uni-sexual organisms we can get gynandromorphs (part male, part female). Pigment and pattern mutations seems to happen moderately often in Iris, especially in hybrids between species (especially those involving Iris variegata). Sometimes we get a particular pigment present in one part, but not another (such as this one), sometimes broken patterns, and sometimes other weird color patterns. We also get sports, where part of a plant starts to produce foliage or flowers with different characteristics than the rest of the plant (often involving coloration). I suspect that the plant in the photo has some instability affecting the production of yellow pigments in the flowers, and that each flower might look different, with pattern distribed in varying broken patches. It could be that part of the plant has lost o! r gained the capability of producing the yellow pigments in th! e flower, and this particular flower got caught right at the dividing line between tissues. Regardless, I suspect that it is not a true chimera (though it could be). I doubt a true chimera would have everything so perfectly matched in the different parts (size, shape, pattern, etc.), with only the lack or presence of yellow pigment affected. Dave To: iris-species@yahoogroups.com From: iris-species@yahoogroups.com Date: Sat, 7 Feb 2015 22:31:10 +0000 Subject: Re: [iris-species] unusual forms in species Sean, What about the iris in this picture: SIGNA: The Species Iris Group of North America It's labelled as a chimera. I'm wondering if it was just that one flower or were all the flowers on that plant like that? [I never will forget the first time I saw a picture of the 'Twin Sisters' or 'Twin Beauties' peony cultivar. Each flower !
on the plant was half one color and half another. Thanks, Anita Clyburn On Saturday, February 7, 2015 5:01 PM, "Sean Zera zera@umich.edu [iris-species]" <iris-species@yahoogroups.com> wrote: I've seen thousands of plants of the three iris species native to Michigan, but only once found one of an unusual color. Plenty of normal variation, though (see here for example). Conversely, I found about a dozen variegated plants in the wild just this past year alone, as well as a few albinos. No irises yet. The way to increase your chances of finding unusual variation is to examine many, many plants, either by roaming the wild or raising lots of seed in the garden. Searching in the wild means nature does most of the work and you don't have to grow bazillions of seedlings yourself, but most of the unusual forms will have been weeded out by natural selection. Sean Z Zone 6a SE Michigan
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